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Global surveillance and journalism is a subject considering journalism in light of the Global surveillance disclosures of 2013. ==Allegation of a US "war on whistleblowers"== The Obama administration has been characterized as much more aggressive than the Bush and other previous administrations in their response to whistleblowing and leaks to the press,〔Bill Kovach: "It strikes me as a much more aggressive approach on the part of the government than I have experienced in 30 years." Leonard Downie describes the Administration as the "most militant" since Richard Nixon's regarding leaks. 〕 prompting critics to describe Obama's crackdown as a "war on whistleblowers."〔(Greenwald: Obama engaged in ‘unprecedented war on whistleblowers’ )," ''The Washington Post''〕〔"(The War on Whistleblowers: On the Sin of Being Correct )", ''The Nation''〕〔"(Obama's War on Whistleblowers )" ''Mother Jones''.〕 A public statement by the Obama campaign bragged that "the Obama administration has prosecuted twice as many cases under the Espionage Act as all the other administrations combined.〔(Obama Administration Has Declared War On Whistleblowers, Describes Leaks As 'Aiding The Enemy' | Techdirt )〕〔(Obama campaign brags about its whistleblower persecutions | Glenn Greenwald | Comment is free | theguardian.com )〕〔(Edward Snowden is eighth person Obama has pursued under Espionage Act )〕〔(Obama's War on Whistleblowers | Mother Jones )〕 Eight people have been charged under the previously rarely used leak-related provisions of the Espionage Act of 1917. They include Thomas Andrews Drake, a former National Security Agency (NSA) employee who was critical of the Trailblazer Project,〔 〕 Stephen Jin-Woo Kim, a State Department contractor who allegedly had a conversation about North Korea with James Rosen of Fox News Channel,〔 〕 and Jeffrey Sterling, who allegedly was a source for James Risen's book State of War. Risen has also been subpoenaed to reveal his sources, another rare action by the government. Also, Shamai Leibowitz, a contract linguist for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was convicted of leaking information from embassy wiretaps, John Kiriakou, a former CIA analyst pleaded guilty to passing classified information, Bradley Manning, an intelligence analyst for the US Army pleaded guilty to passing classified information to the Wikileaks organization, and James Hitselberger, a former contract linguist for the US Navy in Bahrain is charged with possessing classified documents. Most notably, Edward Snowden, a technical contractor for the NSA and former employee of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is currently at large and has been charged with theft and the unauthorized disclosure of classified information to columnist Glenn Greenwald.〔(Greenwald: Obama engaged in ‘unprecedented war on whistleblowers’ )〕 Reporters Without Borders' 2014 Press Freedom Index〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://rsf.org/index2014/en-index2014.php )〕 saw a drop of 13 ranks for the United States due to their "treatment of whistleblowers, leakers, and those who assist them" in 2013. The country fell to 46th place, between Romania and Haiti. The United Kingdom fell three places for similar reasons. The Index is meant to highlight places where journalists and photographers are free to do their work, as well as places where the work puts them in danger. ''Reporters Without Borders executive director Christian Mihr stated: "In the US, state persecution of investigative journalists and their sources by security services has reached an unprecedented level. If sources can no longer be trusted, we face a significant curtailment of press freedom and a dramatic step backwards when it comes to democracy."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dw.de/reporters-without-borders-security-interests-threaten-press-freedom/a-17425376 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Global surveillance and journalism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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